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The Shell Spher process (Shell Pellet Heat Exchange Retorting) is an above ground fluidization bed retorting technology for shale oil extraction. It is classified as a hot recycled solids technology.〔 〕〔 〕 Raw oil shale is crushed to a fine particles. Heat is transferred to oil shale by heat-carrying ceramic balls of size . Raw oil shale is preheated in fluidized bed at the temperature of in the case if oxygen is used as fluidizing medium, or at if non-oxidizing gases are used. Heated ceramic balls fall then through the bed in counter-current direction. The preheated oil shale is further heated in the retorting vessel. The retorted spent shale is cooled in a fast-fluidized bed by the recirculated cool pellets from the preheater; while cooling the spent shale ceramic balls are heated by the spent shale.〔 〕 ==See also== * Alberta Taciuk Process * Kiviter process * Petrosix process * Galoter process * Fushun process * Paraho process * Lurgi-Ruhrgas process * TOSCO II process 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shell Spher process」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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